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Concepts
Characters
Sun Tzu's Approach
Sun Tzu's System

 

The Gap
Translation Challenges Translating Ancient Chinese

Challenges Overview
A Conceptual Language
The Meaning of Characters
Sun Tzu's Approach
Sun Tzu's System

Sun Tzu's System

The final reason that translation is difficult is that the text was written in a kind of code. Much of Sun Tzu's writing refers to diagrams and analogies used by the Chinese in classical science. Just as modern poetry uses metaphors, ancient Chinese relied upon the many connections in this system to express complicated ideas without having to explain them in detail.

Sun Tzu's system is less about specific concepts themselves than it is about their relationships with each other. It is less about individual actions than it is about the larger processes in which those actions play a small role. The Art of War itself doesn't describe these processes in detail, referring as it does to the classical models.

Ancient Chinese science had a system of diagramming that captures relationships and processes. People today may be familiar with Chinese nature diagrams from feng-shui. The Art of War doesn't describe this model itself. The model comes only from studying Chinese culture and history.

Almost all those who have translated Sun Tzu's The Art of War are unaware that this system even exists. The connection between this ancient system and Sun Tzu wasn't made until Gary Gagliardi began diagramming Sun Tzu's system as part of his lectures and writing. It was an audience member who pointed out the connection between his diagrams of Sun Tzu and the ancient Bagua of Chinese science.

It takes an entire book to describe all the relationships in this diagram and their relationships to Sun Tzu's system. Gagliardi created such a work; he replaced the classical elements in traditional diagrams with the elements that Sun Tzu describes, creating the key to transforming a collection of vague aphorisms into a rigorous system. He explained this diagramming first in his award-winning Amazing Secrets book and later in his training seminars.


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